Yeah, but could we blow up the fire? 🔥


Hey —

It's raining and windy today with a threat of storms in much of the southern US. Every time I see a forecast calling for tornadoes or unusually warm weather, I think about my Tri-State Tornado. The kinds of stories I keep discovering from that event are nothing like the storms that pass through today. The scale and scope of the disaster is just different when you're armed with the technical know-how and expertise to manage the event. But in 1925, things just hit different. Here's an excerpt I've been working on lately about Murphysboro, Illinois, around 2 in the afternoon, March 16, 1925, minutes after the tornado passed:

Across town amid brief torrents of rain, flames lashed the sky and leapt out of the wreckage of the Mobile and Ohio railroad yard. Shifting winds scattered fires from overturned stoves, furnaces, and fireplaces, sending fiery tongues of heat throughout the wrecked city. Within half an hour, flames stretched from Walnut Street up through the levee and across a mile and a half of streets in an unbroken firewall.

Anything that was not fully destroyed by the wind in the business district came under threat of burning. For those that survived the tornado, they now had to survive being burned alive and the flames made quick work of flammable debris surrounding them. In a dark twist of the storm’s winds, people whose entire homes or businesses were swept cleanly from their foundations now found themselves in relative safety from fire than those whose properties collapsed under the force of debris or wind on top of them.

Attempting to get ahead of the fire proved challenging as water pressure failed at fire hydrants across town. The new power house, which supplied electricity to the water pumps, had collapsed in, releasing steam into the air. Injured, afraid, and unaware of their own family’s plight, power house workmen valiantly restored water service within two hours by manually pumping water into the underground mains directly from the river.

Over the next several hours the combined efforts of fire companies from Cairo, Murphysboro, Carbondale, Anna, Zeigler, Benton, and Herrin, Illinois crawled through the mangled streets in an unrivaled effort to extinguish the fires armed with a seemingly endless supply of water from the river.

Teams of men rushed to strategic areas like 16th and Walnut Streets to search for survivors before the fire could come. A woman, crushed but alive under the weight of her home at 21st and Hortense Streets, had her legs amputated by an overwhelmed doctor. It was the only way to free her before the flames came. Fire companies armed whatever capable men they could find with dynamite to blow up entire city blocks in hopes of eliminating or reducing the fire’s spread.

The ghastly reality, though, was evident as the risk of dynamiting potential survivors, or the bodies of their neighbors, chilled everyone placing the explosives ahead of the fires. It seemed to work until the fire blew across an alley near Tippey’s restaurant and began spreading again. Despite exploding hundreds of pounds of dynamite, there was simply too much fuel scattered around. The dynamite merely shuffled wreckage from one pile into another, smaller pile. The fire carried on.

I recently sat down with meteorologists at the National Weather Service to go over weather models, simulations, and data from the 1925 storm. It was an interesting look at what truly was an anomoly. Nothing about the storm was particularly severe, per se. It didn't have unusally strong winds, or lots of excess moisture or temperature extremes that seem any different from most tornado outbreaks. What it did have, however, was shocking consistency — everything lined up just right and at all the right angles to keep funneling warm air against dry, cool air and push it along a tight frontal system for over 3.5 hours.

Non-tornado things you might be interested in

I've been quietly working on several other things. The next issue of the Indiana Historical Society's Traces magazine will feature a story I wrote a while back about a daring bank robbery in norhthern Indiana and Illinois that brought out the national guard.

Several new podcasts are out, too. This season I've been sharing personal thoughts like on how to feel after selling a business, mediocrity, my mom's funeral, and that time I picked up a random man at the Beech Grove Wal-Mart.

Best,

Justin

Harter Research and Writing

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